Slasher roll



Oct. 27, 1953 A. L. FREEDLANDER SLASHER ROLL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 13, 1949 INVENTOR. A L. FREEDLANDER HIS ATTORNEY A. L. FREEDLAN DER Oct. 27, 1953 SLASHER ROLL 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 15, 1949 INVENTOR. A. L. FREEDLANDER HIS ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 27, 1953 SLASHER ROLL Abraham L. Freedlander, Dayton, Ohio, asslznor to The Dayton Rubber Company, a corporation of Ohio Application June 13, 1949, Serial No. 98,849

Claims. 1

This invention relates to an apparatus for the impregnation of textile materials, and more particularly to an apparatus for the application of sizing to textile yarns in the operation known as slashing. This invention relates further to a novel type of roll especially adapted for use in the slashing operation and adaptable for use in other applications where coating or impregnation is involved.

slashing is an operation used in the textile industry in the application of sizing material to textile yarns and in particular to cotton, rayon and artificial silk fibers in general. Various types of sizing materials are used depending on the type of yarn and the various results desired. Starches are generally used in the sizing of cotton yarns, whereas gelatine, soluble starches, and natural gums are most generally used in the sizing of rayon yarns. The sizing material may also include softeners, such as sulphonated oils, and penetrants or wetting out agents. The application of size to the textile yarn makes the yarn smoother and stronger to stand the strain of weaving, eliminates frying and facilitates subsequent handling of the yarn.

In carrying out the slashing operation, a number of strands of the work yarn are positioned in parallel between one or more pairs of horizontal rollers arranged with a bottom roll immersed in the sizing liquid and a top roll resting upon the bottom roll and driven by the r0- tation thereof. The yarn may pass between the rolls without immersion in the bath, being impregnated by the sizing liquid carried into contact with it by the bottom roller, or in some cases, may pass beneath the bottom roller for immersion in the sizing liquid prior to passing between the two rollers. The bottom rollers are generally made of copper and are gear driven. The top rollers, commonly known as the slasher rolls, are generally constructed of cast iron and usually weigh approximately 500 lb. each and are normally covered with resilient wool blankets. The function of the wool blanket, by the nature of its resilience and absorptive properties, is to remove excess size from the yarn as it emerges from the bite of the rollers, These blankets possess the necessary resilience and absorptive properties to properly dress the arn to a predetermined proportion of sizing. In the case of cotton yarns with starch size, this usually runs to about 16% to 18% based on the weight of the yarn. In general, the slasher roll must have the property of uniformly distributing the size and controlling the proportion which is permitted to remain in the yarn and must minimize the waste of excess sizing material. Furthermore, the roll surface must be resistant to hot size solutions, such as boiling starch, and must also be resistant to oils and chemicals which may be incorporated with the sizing material. In addition, the roll must eliminate flattening of the yarn and leave no roll marks, and must uniformly retain its resilience over its period of use.

The wool blanket performs its operation satisfactorily, but has the disadvantage of cost and short life in service. In place of wool blankets, rolls having surfaces of synthetic rubber and which are resistant to the various materials involved, have been used and have been found to be generally satisfactory. However, such rolls possess certain disadvantages particularly due to the fact that they do not permit sufficient variation in their surface structure to control the distribution of sizing over a variable range. It is therefore desirable to construct an apparatus for slashing in which the slashing rolls are so constructed that they will have all of the advantages of resistant synthetic rubber surfaces and at the same time be adaptable to a wide range of conditions and sizing concentrations.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for the impregnation of textile materials with size or other materials in which the proportion of size may be readily controlled.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a slashing roll having a surface structure which is highly resistant to the sizing material and conditions of operation over a long period of time and at the same time will properly dress the yarn to a predetermined concentration of size.

It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a roll adapted for the application of coating materials to other objects.

In accordance with the present invention, it has been found that an apparatus of the type described may be constructed using rolls having rubber surfaces and which will function over a wide range of conditions to produce sized yarns containing predetermined proportions of sizing material. This result is achieved by forming a slashing roll having a desired type of rubber surface and forming in said surface a plurality of slits, cuts, or incisions which run transversely to the direction of motion of the yarn or other material which is to be coated. The operation of forming such incisions is known as siping,

In use these cuts have a pronounced squeegee eflect or action and perform the same function as the wool blanket. The rolls can be adapted to function properly over a wide range of conditions by regulating the depth, number, and spacing of the cuts as well as their arrangement on the roll surface.

The invention will be more fully understood from the following description takenin conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate a typical arrangement for the sizing of cotton yarns and various slashing rolls. adapted for this purpose constructed in accordance with the present invention.

In the drawing: 7

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view, partly in cross section, of an apparatus incorporatingthe novel features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view takenalonglines 22 of Fig. 1 showing the rolls and mounting brackets. therefor in elevation.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross. sectional view taken. along line, 3-3, of Fig. 2..

Fig. 4 is. a view. in elevation of. a modifiedform; of the slasher roll showing. an alternative arrangement of, slits.

Fig. 5 is a. view in elevation; of another modified form of the slasher roll; showing still another arrangement of. slits therein.

Referring to the drawings in detail, reference numeral it as shown in Figures land 2,.indi-cates a container which holds sizing bath ll. Thread or yarn to be sized is; designated, by reference numeral $2.. This material is. guided between a; front drive roll is and a back, driveroll it both made of steel or copper and mounted nearthe top of the bath so, as, to be partially submerged therein. Both of these rolls are driven by shaft 24 through beveled gears 25,. 25a, 26. and 2.5a. Above. each of the. lower rolls i3 and: [4. is. mounted a rubber covered slasher roll, These rolls. are; (16S? ignated by reference, numerals l5 and; Hip they frequently weigh between 508 and 'ZQQ pound-s: andv run freely driven. by the. friction. of their. weight resting on the. rotating bottom rolls- The, slasher; rolls. are mounted, in bearing blocks 21!: which are vertically slidable in U:-shap.ed slots 22 which. are.- formed in end bearingbrackets 2.3. These. slots are open at. the. top. to; facilitate removal of the. rolls for cleaning, and permit the. full weight of rolls le andi it tov bear upon the; thread l2. Although Figures 1.-3-. show the yarn or thread as keeping the top and bottom rolls apart slightly, this is for the purpose of illustrate tion only and in actual practice the surfaces of the two rails are in. rolling. contact withv the. thread between.

Each slasher roll l5 and it is composed of rubber or one of the synthetic rubberlike materials. The choice between natural and the various synthetic rubbers depends primarily upon the: exactv use intended for the slasher rolls and the type. of sizing bath in which they are to-be used Each slasher roll comprises a layer of: the desired rubber l'i around a metal core, preferably of iron. In order to provide for'proper control of slashing by controlling the rate and degree of impregnation of sizing material, each slasher roll is formed with a number of slits or incisions cut intothe surface of the roll. As shown in Figures 1 1303 these slits are formed by incisihg or siping thesurface of the roll longitudinally thereof in spaced parallel incisions. These cu-ts may be made in a machine using sharpened knife blades and the depth and spacing thereof will depend 4 upon the nature of the sizing action which is desired to be obtained. In a typical operation these cuts are apart and deep. In general, the slits may range from 3%" to in depth and may be spaced from a e to l" apart. These slits are formed in the rubber by cutting without the removal of any material, so that the walls of the slits; are either in direct contact or are held apartv very slightly by the internal tension of the material; this procedure is commonly known in the rubber industry as siping.

As illustrated in Fig. 3, the slits have a squeegee action and appear to function by exerting a suckorabsorbing effect through the compression of the slits. and their opening as shown at E9. By this action, a certain amount of the sizing material may be. removed from the yarn and therefore the number and depth of these slits will serve-to exert a controlling effect on the concentration of size in the yarn.

Fig. 4 illustrates a modified formof roll in which slits I 8" are. formed. diagonally in two. directions providing acrisscross effect.

In Fig. 5 another form of roll is shown in which slits [8 are formed longitudinally but are notv continuous and the slits in each roll. are staggered, sothat all of the threads being sized will be intersected by at least some of the slits.. V

A typical compound used in making rolls of thepresentinvention is as follows 2 Parts by weight Butadiene-ac'rylic nitrile copolymer 1.00. Whiting 0 Clay 20 Zinc oxide 5 Sulfur 3.

Accelerator 1. Softeners r 2.0!

A pair of slasher rolls werem'ade with the above compound. The rolls were 8 outsidedi'ameter and 58 in length. The roll surfaces were slit or siped longitudinally in parallel cuts /8! deep and /3" apart. These rolls have run in a conventional slashing operation for nearly a year without appreciable wear or deterioration. A conventional wool covered roll would run fora period of only four to. six weeks before the cover would require replacement.

The rolls ofthe; present invention. may be made of or covered with various types of rubber or-rubber-like' material. rubbers may b used aswell as mixtures thereof.

These materials are compounded with vulcanizing agents, fillers, plasticizers; modifiers and the like in the mannerknown to those skilled in the art and 'arevulcanized in, the usual way. The exact;

are the chloroprene polymers (neoprene), bu-

tadiene copolymers, such as butadiene-acrylonitrile (Buna-N) or butadiene-styrene (Buna- S), and the polysulfide rubbers (Thiokol) While the rolls of the present invention are particularly designed and adapted for use in the sizing of textile fibers, they may also loo-used for the coating of sheets of other materials in view of the control which ma be effected upon thedistribution of coating materials by means of the slit structure described.

It will also be understood that while certain specific embodiments of the inventionhave-been- Natural as well as synthetic Among the syntheticdescribed herein, it is not intended to limit the invention thereby in view of the fact that this invention is susceptible of various modifications and changes which come within the scope of the disclosure herein and the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for the sizing of textile yarns and threads comprising a liquid sizing bath, a guide roll at least partially submerged in said bath, a rubber-covered roll positioned above said guide roll exteriorly of the bath and resting upon said guide roll whereby rotation thereof is effected on rotation of said guide roll, means for conveying textile yarns and threads between said rubber-covered roll and said guide roll during the rotation of said rolls, said rubber-covered roll having formed in the surface thereof a plurality of spaced incisions extending at an angle to the direction of movement of the textile yarns and threads, said incisions being in the form of slits formed without removal of material, whereby control of the amount of sizing liquid left in the yarns and threads after passage between the rolls is effected.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the rubber-covered roll is formed with a series of parallel diagonal incisions spaced around the periphery thereof, said incisions being crisscrossed by another series of parallel diagonal incisions extendin around the periphery of the roll in a different direction.

3. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the incisions are formed in a plurality of rows each incision being formed longitudinally of the roll surface intermittently in each row with the incisions in each row being staggered with respect to the incisions in the adjacent row.

4. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the incisions are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the roll and extend at right angles to the direction of movement of the yarns or threads.

5. In an apparatus for the sizing of yarns and threads wherein said yarns and threads are im-: pregnated with sizing fluid and conveyed between a guide roll and a superimposed slasher roll, said slasher roll being formed with a rubber cover having a plurality of spaced incisions formed over the surface thereof, said incisions beingin the form of slits formed without removal of material, and said incisions extending at an angle to the direction of movement of the yarns and threads, the depth and spacing of said incisions controlling the quantity of sizing liquid incorporated in said yarns and threads.

ABRAHAM L. FREEDLANDER.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 856,885 Kubler June 11, 1907 1,618,704 Grupe Feb. 22, 192 7 1,628,261 McGann May 10, 1927 1,695,437 Nissen Dec. 18, 1928 2,073,895 Kaufman Mar. 16, 1937 2,108,189 Batchelder Feb. 15, 1938 2,199,228 Obenshain et al. Apr. 30, 1940 2,247,874 Crites July 1, 1941 2,428,101 Splawn Sept. 30, 1947 2,434,820 Tifft Jan. 20, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 254,866 Great Britain July 15, 1926 

